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Tag: ministry of finance

  • Malaysia Keeps 2% Pension Contribution for 1.75M Foreign Staff

    Malaysia Keeps 2% Pension Contribution for 1.75M Foreign Staff

    Malaysia will keep the 2 per cent Employees Provident Fund contribution rate paid by employers for non-Malaysian workers, the Finance Ministry confirmed in a written parliamentary reply published on Parliament’s website yesterday.

    Responding to a query from Jimmy Puah Wee Tse (PH-Tebrau) on easing operating burdens for small and medium enterprises, the ministry stated that the current rate remains relatively low while balancing social protection objectives against business costs.

    Since mandatory contributions took effect under the Employees Provident Fund Act 1991 in October 2025, 78,129 employers have contributed for 1,754,460 non-Malaysian staff, with SMEs accounting for 67,194 of those businesses.

    Breakdown Across Business Sizes

    The requirement sits under the Employees Provident Fund Act 1991, which legislators broadened to include all foreign workers in late 2025. The Finance Ministry framed the 2 per cent employer share as a deliberate compromise designed to expand social safety nets without crushing operating budgets.

    Tebrau member of parliament Jimmy Puah Wee Tse had pressed the ministry on relief measures for small businesses, asking if foreign staff could absorb the entire statutory deduction instead. The ministry answered that the existing two per cent charge remains relatively low while meeting international baseline standards for equitable migrant protection.

    Official definitions classify manufacturing firms with up to 200 staff and services companies with up to 75 employees as small and medium enterprises. These operations employ the bulk of migrant payrolls in Malaysian factories, logistics hubs, and restaurants.

    Margins Tighten on Frontline Operators

    For store operators, wholesale distributors, and food chains, statutory payroll additions compound broader cost increases across physical supply chains. Adding mandatory provident payments directly raises monthly cash outflows for service desks and backroom staff.

    RetailNews Asia sees the policy cementing a permanent cost floor under Malaysian service networks. Similar statutory pension schemes in regional hubs like Singapore have historically pushed thin-margin operators to accelerate self-checkout counters, automated order processing, and tighter shift scheduling to cap payroll overheads. Passing statutory burdens onto low-wage migrant staff would risk choking off cross-border talent pipelines that retail backrooms depend on.

    Shifting Away from Labour Subsidies

    The October 2025 expansion dismantled decades of policy that excluded transient labour from domestic retirement plans. Regulators introduced the revision alongside wider welfare initiatives aimed at bringing domestic employment standards closer to global trade benchmarks.

    The government said it will continue monitoring business conditions and consult trade associations to gauge how small operators absorb the extra charge. The Finance Ministry left the door open to targeted operational assistance for struggling sectors while keeping the statutory contribution structure intact.

  • Thailand Plans Foreign Investment Push to Lift Economic Growth to 3%

    Thailand Plans Foreign Investment Push to Lift Economic Growth to 3%

    Thailand plans to lift economic growth to 3 per cent within three years by channeling foreign investment into data centres, semiconductors and electric vehicle manufacturing.

    The target comes after Southeast Asia’s second-largest economy grew at an annual average of just 2.34 per cent over the past five years, trailing the faster recoveries posted by regional neighbours.

    Thai Finance Minister Ekniti Nitithanprapas outlined the investment-led strategy ahead of Bangkok hosting the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank next week. The government is directing capital incentives toward energy-heavy high-tech sectors while investing in renewable power to support incoming factories and server farms.

    Investment ratio drops after 1997 crisis

    Capital spending across the country has never fully regained the share of economic output it held before the 1997 Asian financial crisis, when Bangkok devalued the baht and sought an IMF bailout.

    “After the financial crisis, our investment-to-GDP has declined to around 22% to 23% at the moment. So that’s why our growth momentum has been so slow,” Ekniti said in an interview.

    Rebuilding that baseline forms the core of the current ministerial agenda, but the fiscal room for state stimulus remains constrained. Thailand’s public debt-to-GDP ratio is approaching the official statutory cap of 70 per cent, limiting direct government spending programmes.

    Central bank divergence and consumer debt

    The Ministry of Finance faces a more cautious assessment from the Bank of Thailand, which estimates the country’s potential growth rate at 2.7 per cent. The central bank projects that reaching even that lower expansion rate will take at least four years of structural adjustment.

    Commercial banks and store operators face immediate drag from elevated household debt levels that curb discretionary consumer spending across retail formats. Weaker tourist arrivals have compounded pressure on urban malls and hospitality venues that rely on foreign footfall to offset sluggish domestic purchases.

    Unresolved bilateral trade negotiations with Washington create further export friction for electronics and component suppliers looking to scale up production runs.

    Tech and electric vehicle supply chains

    Industrial developers across the Eastern Economic Corridor have pivoted land allocations toward clean energy infrastructure to accommodate overseas semiconductor and cloud infrastructure groups. These capital-intensive installations demand stable power supplies that traditional local grids cannot deliver without renewable additions.

    Automotive assemblers in Thailand must also transition established internal combustion engine lines to battery-powered vehicles without forfeiting their established regional export volumes. Japanese automakers that dominated local factory floors for decades now face direct competition from expanding Chinese electric vehicle brands establishing assembly hubs around Rayong and Chonburi.

    Outlook improves after February elections

    Credit rating agencies have recognized signs of political stability following the general elections held in February 2026. Fitch Ratings revised Thailand’s sovereign outlook to stable from negative, citing reduced deflationary pressures and greater policy predictability despite broader global energy shocks.

    External headwinds remain acute as global institutions warn that persistent energy volatility, record public debt loads and surging artificial intelligence capital requirements test emerging market fiscal buffers.

    Delegates gather at the Queen Sirikit National Convention Center next week for the IMF-World Bank meetings, where Thai officials will present their foreign investment roadmap to international lenders and corporate executives.

  • Malaysia Expands RM2,500 Lifestyle Tax Relief to Cover Pet Care and AI

    Malaysia Expands RM2,500 Lifestyle Tax Relief to Cover Pet Care and AI

    Malaysian taxpayers can claim veterinary treatments, shelter adoption fees and artificial intelligence software subscriptions under the RM2,500 lifestyle tax relief starting in the 2027 assessment year.

    The Ministry of Finance detailed the new scope in its Budget 2027 tax measures document released in Kuala Lumpur.

    What Qualifies Under the Expanded Cap

    Veterinary care enters the personal tax framework for the first time. Eligible claims cover vaccination and sterilisation procedures performed by registered clinics. Taxpayers can also claim fees paid to adopt rescued animals from registered shelters, an incentive meant to encourage rehoming over commercial breeding.

    Software subscriptions sit alongside pet costs in the same pool. Taxpayers may claim AI tools used by themselves, their spouses or their children. Officials framed the AI relief as a push to speed up household adoption of digital tools.

    The RM2,500 Basket Stays Fixed

    The deduction ceiling remains fixed at RM2,500 despite the longer list of eligible items. New categories must compete against established ones. Existing items include books, printed newspapers, personal computers, smartphones, tablets and household internet subscriptions, which took effect for the 2024 assessment year.

    Vendors and clinic operators may see limited fiscal upside from the shared cap. Broadband bills and hardware upgrades routinely exhaust the RM2,500 threshold on their own. Pet owners who max out the relief on electronics will gain zero extra tax savings from vet bills.

    Pressure on Municipal Budgets and Shelters

    Local councils face rising animal management costs nationwide. Official records show stray dog complaints in Malaysia climbed from 37,535 in 2024 to 44,231 in 2025. Council teams captured 77,573 dogs in 2025, up from 66,264 the prior year. Rehoming lagged far behind at 20,771 animals.

    Welfare groups lobbied for direct budget funding ahead of the announcement. Persatuan Haiwan Terbiar Malaysia asked for a dedicated RM30 million annual fund to finance nationwide sterilisation and clinic services. Federal officials bypassed that request, relying instead on consumer tax incentives.

    Implementation Rules to Follow

    Direct state funding for stray control shrank over the same timeframe. The Ministry of Housing and Local Government allocated RM130,000 to local authorities for stray campaigns in 2025, down from RM180,000 in 2024. Relying on personal tax deductions shifts the upfront cash burden to pet owners and private clinics.

    Guidelines on documentation and registry verification for veterinary clinics and animal shelters will arrive before the 2027 assessment year begins, according to the Inland Revenue Board.

  • Japan 10-Year Government Bond Coupon Tops 3% for First Time in Decades

    Japan 10-Year Government Bond Coupon Tops 3% for First Time in Decades

    Japan’s 10-year government bond coupon rate rose above 3 per cent during Tokyo trading on October 6. It reached that level for the first time in three decades.

    Secondary market yields climbed alongside the new issue. Investors factored in persistent inflation pressures and sovereign debt supply.

    Yield Pressures in Tokyo

    The latest benchmark bond auction cleared smoothly. Yet pricing reflected deeper unease across institutional desks. Global sovereign debt concerns continue to push long-term interest rates higher, altering the financing market for Japanese corporations that operated under ultra-low borrowing costs for a generation.

    Higher sovereign yields directly increase capital costs for major retail chains, commercial property developers, and logistics operators across Japan. Companies renewing credit lines or issuing corporate paper face heavier interest burdens, squeezing margins while raw material costs remain volatile.

    Consumer Squeeze and Real Estate Headwinds

    Rising rates coincide with broad domestic consumer price increases, including price hikes across 3,000 food and beverage items. Households face higher living costs. Property buyers confront more expensive mortgages, cooling transaction velocity in major metropolitan centres.

    Existing condominium prices in central Tokyo recorded a fourth consecutive monthly decline as borrowing rates climbed. Commercial landlords face similar repricing pressures, forcing institutional property funds to recalculate yield spreads on retail assets and logistics hubs.

    Shifting Fiscal Landscape

    Bond yields climbed after protracted geopolitical conflict in the Middle East kept energy import costs elevated and complicated domestic monetary policy. Secondary trading pushed benchmark rates higher even as equity markets attempted to regain momentum.

    The next government debt auction will test whether institutional demand holds at the 3 per cent threshold as the Ministry of Finance outlines its upcoming bond issuance schedule.

  • Japan Recalibrates Messaging to Reassure Markets on Reflation Stance

    Japan Recalibrates Messaging to Reassure Markets on Reflation Stance

    Japan has begun recalibrating its economic messaging to reassure financial markets that Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi is not pursuing reflationary policies, Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama said in an interview with broadcaster TV Tokyo on Saturday, Oct 3.

    The policy adjustment followed discussions with US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent over whether Tokyo was communicating its fiscal direction clearly to international investors.

    Recalibrating Tokyo’s Market Strategy

    Katayama explained that the administration concluded in late August that it needed to address market perceptions that the Takaichi government planned an aggressive return to reflationary spending and loose monetary coordination.

    Tokyo made the decision to change its public posture in late August. Officials determined that clearer explanations were necessary to prevent unhelpful market speculation and currency volatility.

    Feedback from the US Treasury

    Bessent indicated to Japanese officials that Takaichi’s economic policies match current economic conditions. However, the US Treasury chief questioned whether the Japanese government communicated its strategy with sufficient precision to global funds and domestic institutions.

    Katayama noted that Washington’s feedback helped prompt the shift. “So we concluded around late August that we need to communicate that message more clearly to financial markets,” Katayama said, addressing market perceptions that the administration’s policies are reflationary.

    Managing Investor Sentiment

    Market analysts have closely tracked Takaichi’s fiscal and structural reform targets since she took office. For consumer businesses, retail operators and institutional investors across Asia, clarity on Japanese fiscal discipline dictates borrowing costs, currency stability and import price pressures.

    Aggressive reflationary policies risk weakening the yen further, which raises import costs for Japanese retailers while squeezing household purchasing power. By pushing back against the reflationary label, the administration aims to anchor long-term bond yields and stabilize business planning assumptions.

    The Policy Stance Ahead

    Tokyo previously faced scrutiny over whether new spending initiatives would widen government debt issuance or complicate the Bank of Japan’s rate normalization plans. The messaging overhaul formalizes a more cautious stance designed to preserve policy flexibility without alarming debt markets.

    Japanese finance ministry officials are scheduled to roll out the updated policy framework across upcoming investor briefings and international economic summits this autumn.

  • 7-Eleven Taiwan Generates Five NT$10 Million Lottery Winners in July-August Draw

    7-Eleven Taiwan Generates Five NT$10 Million Lottery Winners in July-August Draw

    Five shoppers at 7-Eleven outlets across Taiwan won the NT$10 million special prize in the July-August uniform invoice lottery, operator President Chain Store Corp. Announced.

    The largest payout came from transactions as low as NT$27. Routine convenience store runs turned into multimillion-dollar windfalls.

    Low Basket Sizes and Top Prizes

    Taiwan holds the uniform invoice lottery every two months to curb merchant tax evasion by encouraging shoppers to request receipts. The Ministry of Finance released the winning numbers on Sept. 25. The NT$10 million special prize number is 89996565.

    President Chain Store Corp. Confirmed that winning tickets for the top tier were issued across four metropolitan areas: Taipei, Taoyuan, Taichung, and Kaohsiung. The smallest winning transaction was an NT$27 photocopying charge at a branch in Taipei’s Zhongzheng District.

    Other top prizes went to routine small purchases. A customer in Taoyuan’s Zhongli District won after spending NT$29 on snacks. Another shopper in Kaohsiung’s Fengshan District won after spending NT$33 on ready-to-eat food.

    Photocopying and Coffee Fuel Wins

    In Taipei’s Xinyi District, a customer secured the NT$10 million prize after spending NT$139 on CITY CAFE coffee and daily necessities. Another winning ticket came from a store in Taichung’s Wuqi District, where a shopper bought NT$100 worth of household goods.

    Convenience chains in Taiwan rely on non-grocery services such as printing, parcel collection, and bill payments to draw daily foot traffic. These transactions frequently produce winning receipts because cashiers must issue a receipt for every register action.

    High transaction counts across thousands of branches consistently place convenience chains at the center of the bi-monthly draws. The system reinforces customer habits around demanding itemised receipts.

    Cloud Invoices and Grand Prizes

    The chain also produced two winners of the NT$2 million grand prize for winning number 91098182. One winner spent NT$10 on photocopying at a branch in Taipei’s Songshan District. The second spent NT$149 on daily goods and ice cream in Neihu District.

    Four additional shoppers won the NT$1 million prize dedicated to digital cloud invoices. Qualifying purchases included NT$39 in snacks in Keelung’s Qidu District and NT$213 in frozen food, snacks, drinks, and bags in Taoyuan’s Zhongli District. The other two were NT$58 in ready-to-eat food in New Taipei’s Banqiao District and NT$189 in daily necessities in Kaohsiung’s Daliao District.

    Tax officials also drew three first-prize numbers worth NT$200,000 each: 54348835, 44991397, and 06595111.

    Tax Compliance and Claim Deadlines

    The state-run lottery turns consumers into informal tax auditors by offering cash incentives for every formal receipt logged. By tying digital and paper invoices directly to draws, tax authorities capture micro-transactions that might otherwise go unreported.

    All winners from the July-August cycle must claim their prize money between Oct. 6, 2026, and Jan. 5, 2027, according to the Ministry of Finance.

  • Thailand Extends 43 Billion Baht Consumer Subsidy Scheme for Two Months

    Thailand Extends 43 Billion Baht Consumer Subsidy Scheme for Two Months

    Thailand’s cabinet approved a 43 billion baht ($1.29 billion) consumer subsidy extension on Tuesday. The funding supports household spending through late November.

    Each registered recipient receives 1,000 baht ($30). That injects direct liquidity into local retail checkouts and neighbourhood merchants.

    Under the extension, the state covers 60 percent of eligible purchases. Daily government co-payments are capped at 200 baht per person. Finance Minister Ekniti Nitithanprapas confirmed the decision after a Bangkok briefing. He noted the scheme cushions shoppers against high fuel and living costs linked to Middle East instability.

    How the spending programme works

    Money for the extension comes from unused allocations in the state’s 400 billion baht borrowing programme, originally created for oil-price shocks. Shoppers must pay the remaining 40 percent of each transaction out of pocket. This requirement drives cash through checkout registers rather than letting recipients stash funds in savings.

    Daily caps spread spending across weeks rather than triggering a single-day rush. The 200-baht limit channels steady foot traffic into grocery stores, wet markets and small retailers. Demand centers on packaged food, personal care and household consumables.

    What it means for retail operators

    Suppliers of fast-moving consumer goods and national convenience chains gain a clear sales bridge into the fourth quarter. The co-payment model lifts sales for registered small merchants. In turn, it pulls business away from modern trade formats excluded from government vendor lists.

    Brand owners face promotional risks. Retailers stocking up on subsidised staples could see margins shrink if wholesale input costs stay high after state support ends.

    Earlier phases and growth projections

    An initial phase ran from June through September, giving 1,000 baht a month to roughly 40 million registered citizens. That rollout built the digital systems and merchant network now handling the November extension.

    Ekniti stood by projections that Southeast Asia’s second-largest economy will grow 2.5 percent this year. That matches the ministry’s July forecast. Growth depends on private spending holding up against external trade headwinds.

    The timeline through year-end

    Consumers must spend their allocated funds before the November 30 deadline, when unused balances lapse. Retailers and analysts will track October consumption data next to see if daily checkout volumes match the June-September run.

  • Japan Plans Blockchain Settlement System for Instant Stock and Bond Trades

    Japan Plans Blockchain Settlement System for Instant Stock and Bond Trades

    Japan is preparing a new financial infrastructure to settle transactions in equities and government bonds instantly using blockchain technology. Japanese authorities plan to launch a formal working group this summer, targeting an initial technical blueprint by early 2027.

    The project brings together the Financial Services Agency, the Ministry of Finance, the Bank of Japan, and commercial financial institutions. Under the current regime, stock trades in Tokyo take two business days to settle in cash, while Japanese government bonds settle on a next-day schedule. Eliminating that lag allows institutional and retail investors to reinvest capital immediately after execution.

    Roadmap to 2030 Operations

    Working group members will determine the underlying distributed-ledger architecture, assign operational roles between public agencies and private clearing houses, and establish a multi-year development schedule. If authorities approve the final blueprint in 2027, initial operations could begin within several years, with the full platform operational in the early 2030s.

    Planners also aim to expand the network architecture beyond domestic securities to support real-time cross-border remittances. Faster wholesale settlement addresses long-standing liquidity friction in Tokyo, where trading desks must maintain substantial collateral buffers to cover multi-day counterparty exposure during high-volume sessions.

    Shifting Asia-Pacific Market Plumbing

    Across Asia-Pacific, regional bourses have tested distributed ledger technology to compress settlement cycles and lower clearing fees. Australia’s stock exchange spent years attempting a blockchain replacement for its equity clearing platform before resetting the initiative, while financial hubs in Singapore and Hong Kong have focused on wholesale tokenised deposits and digital debt issuance.

    The first milestone to watch is the formal constitution of the working group in Tokyo over the coming weeks, followed by the release of its initial structural recommendations ahead of the 2027 development plan.

  • Indonesian Gov’t to Lower Income Tax for Conventional, Online SMEs

    Indonesian Gov’t to Lower Income Tax for Conventional, Online SMEs

    Indonesia will cut final income tax on small and medium enterprises by half and also impose taxes on e-commerce businesses to even the playing field between traditional brick and mortar and digital businesses, Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati said on Friday last week (19/01).

    Under a current regulation, businesses earning less than Rp 4.8 billion ($360,600) a year are exempted from paying income tax and value added tax. They only have to pay a final tax of 1 percent of their total sales. The current income tax rate stands at 25 percent of profit, while the VAT is at 10 percent of sales.

    “We are currently formulating [the rules] with the players […] The basic principle is to have the playing of field on the same level,” Sri Mulyani told reporters.

    The minister said the government is planning to lower the income tax for small and medium enterprises (SME) to 0.5 percent of their sales. SMEs or individuals selling exclusively on e-commerce marketplaces will also be required to pay the tax.

    Sri Mulyani said the sales threshold will also be lowered.

    In the e-commerce roadmap rolled out in 2016 as part of the 14th economic policy reform package, the government expects up to $130 billion in e-commerce transactions in 2020.

    “The majority of supplier merchants [for the e-commerce business] are SMEs. We are planning to revise the government regulation to lower the level,” Sri Mulyani said, adding that the regulation will not burden businesses.

    The government has also included an income tax reduction for SMEs to be implemented in this year’s state budget.

    Sri Mulyani said the process of collecting the tax has not been decided yet.

    The Ministry of Finance is currently formulating details on future tax regulations on e-commerce businesses. The government aims to issue the regulation by mid-year, as it is still coordinating with other related ministries and agencies.

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