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Tag: World Bank

  • World Bank Urges Thailand to Lift 12% AI Adoption Rate for 2037 Goal

    World Bank Urges Thailand to Lift 12% AI Adoption Rate for 2037 Goal

    Thailand must lift its corporate artificial intelligence adoption beyond the current 12 per cent rate to hit high-income status by 2037, according to the World Bank.

    Only about one in eight Thai businesses currently deploys AI tools, despite recent data centre investments and an established electronics manufacturing base. Speaking at the Bangkok Business Summit, World Bank vice-president for East Asia and Pacific Carlos Felipe Jaramillo warned that commercial adoption remains too concentrated among large corporations in the capital.

    Closing the SME technology gap

    Small, medium and micro-enterprises outside Bangkok account for the bulk of employment but lag in digital capabilities. The multilateral lender presented its “Building Thailand’s Future Today” report at the summit, hosted by the Joint Standing Committee on Commerce, Industry and Banking, setting out reforms for enterprise competitiveness.

    Thailand spends roughly 1 per cent of gross domestic product on research and development. Across the East Asia-Pacific region, that average sits at 2.5 per cent. World Bank senior economist Katherine Stapleton said closing that divide requires redirecting state R&D incentives toward smaller firms rather than limiting innovation programmes to top-tier conglomerates.

    RetailNews Asia notes that enterprise technology providers across Southeast Asia face a similar bottleneck: high digital consumer penetration alongside sluggish software uptake inside merchant supply chains. While Bangkok ranks among the region’s most connected consumer markets, commercial software integration across provincial retail and logistics networks remains sparse.

    Raising growth targets

    Meeting the government’s 2037 high-income target will require annual real GDP growth to jump to 5.4 per cent per person. Thai economic expansion has averaged 2.2 per cent per person since the pandemic.

    Exports generate roughly 70 per cent of Thailand’s gross domestic product, yet foreign direct investment continues to generate weak spillover gains for local suppliers. The World Bank argues that upgrading domestic software capabilities and fostering regional commercial hubs will determine whether the economy escapes middle-income stagnation.

    The Joint Standing Committee and state planning agencies are now reviewing corporate tax breaks and startup development programmes ahead of the next fiscal policy cycle.

  • Pakistan Plans Uniform Gas Tariff to End Cross Subsidies

    Pakistan Plans Uniform Gas Tariff to End Cross Subsidies

    Pakistan is replacing its tiered gas pricing system with a single uniform tariff across all consumer categories. Petroleum Minister Ali Pervaiz Malik outlined the plan to utility executives in Islamabad.

    The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority sets the benchmark prescribed price near Rs1,700 per million British thermal units. Even so, end-users currently pay anywhere between Rs500 and Rs4,300 per mmBtu depending on consumption brackets.

    Aligning Rates with IMF Targets

    International lenders and domestic regulators have pressed Islamabad to dismantle cross-subsidies and recover actual distribution costs. Under the new model, vulnerable households will receive targeted welfare payouts instead of discounted bills. Businesses and heavy users will pay a standardized rate.

    Malik directed state-run distributor Sui Southern Gas Company to redesign its operational model around the single-rate baseline. The utility cut unaccounted-for gas losses by roughly 57 per cent in volumetric terms over the past year. Islamabad also held headline tariffs flat, trimming roughly Rs55 billion from the sector’s circular debt balance.

    Reforming Industrial Utility Models

    For commercial operators and factories across Pakistan, ending tiered subsidies removes pricing distortions that pushed manufacturers toward alternative fuels. The shift mirrors utility overhauls in Bangladesh and India. Both nations curtailed industrial discounts to secure multilateral loan tranches and stabilize sovereign balances.

    Technical advisers from the World Bank are helping Islamabad prepare the broader restructuring plan. The cabinet must review the pricing mechanism next, clearing the regulatory authority to calculate baseline consumer rates for the upcoming fiscal cycle.

  • World Bank Projects 5.8% GDP Growth for Vietnam by 2025

    World Bank Projects 5.8% GDP Growth for Vietnam by 2025

    Vietnam’s Economic Landscape: Navigating Global Trade Shifts and Strengthening Growth Prospects

    As a trade-dependent economy, Vietnam is significantly influenced by evolving global trade policies. Currently, the U.S. is Vietnam’s largest export market, constituting 30% of its total exports, while China accounts for 38% of its imports. However, uncertainties in the global landscape may pose challenges to consumer confidence and spending, as highlighted by the World Bank (WB).

    Trade Policy Uncertainty and Consumer Confidence

    The World Bank reported that the ongoing shifts in global trade could adversely impact Vietnam’s exports and overall economic growth. Given the country’s high exposure to the international market, any unexpected changes in trade policy could diminish demand, slowing private investments and foreign direct investment (FDI).

    Despite these challenges, consumer spending has not kept pace with GDP growth in recent years. The financial sector shows signs of heightened vulnerability, with the average loan-loss coverage ratio among 26 banks dropping to 83% from 150% in 2022. Although the government has room to bolster demand through fiscal measures, effective execution may be hindered by ongoing issues with public investment disbursement.

    Poverty Trends: A Mixed Bag of Progress

    On a more positive note, Vietnam’s poverty rate is experiencing a decline. The proportion of the population living on less than $3.65 per day is projected to fall from 3.8% in 2024 to 3.6% this year. Nonetheless, sluggish growth in the agriculture sector suggests that the poorest segments may see limited gains.

    Call for Strategic Policy Measures

    Experts advocate for focused policy measures that prioritize public investment, mitigate financial sector risks, and implement structural reforms. While monetary policy interventions are restricted, fiscal strategies can still drive growth, especially through investments aimed at addressing critical infrastructure gaps. Recent reforms, including updates to the Law on Credit Institutions, lay the groundwork for enhancing financial sector stability and resilience.

    Future Growth Outlook: Optimism Amidst Challenges

    Accelerating structural reforms is essential for improving regulatory environments in vital sectors like information technology, electricity, and transportation. Such initiatives will not only green the economy but also build human capital and enhance the business climate, ultimately sustaining long-term economic growth.

    The World Bank forecasts a positive medium-term growth outlook for Vietnam, projecting GDP growth to rebound to 6.1% in 2026 and climb to 6.4% in 2027. To unlock this potential, Vietnam must navigate a more stable international economic landscape while reinforcing domestic reforms aimed at boosting productivity, investing in human capital, and advancing environmental sustainability.

    In conclusion, as Vietnam looks ahead, the interplay of global economic conditions and domestic reform efforts will be critical in shaping the retail sector and consumer experiences in the coming years. The path forward is ripe with opportunities for brand expansion and adaptation to emerging consumer trends.

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  • World Bank lowers Vietnam growth forecast to 5.3 pct

    World Bank lowers Vietnam growth forecast to 5.3 pct

    The World Bank has cut its growth forecast for Vietnam this year to 5.3 percent, due to surging Covid-19 infection in Q1 and economic slowdown in its major export markets.

    This has been the second time the bank lowers its 2022 projection for the country. Last October it had expected a growth rate of 6.5 percent, lowered to 5.5 percent in January.

    Vietnam’s GDP is expected to grow by 5.3 percent this year and stabilize at around 6.5 percent in a scenario with eased mobility restrictions domestically and internationally, it added to a report released Tuesday.

    It forecasts the service sector to gradually recover during the year as consumer confidence is restored and tourism resumes from mid-2022 onward.

    But manufacturing will grow at a slower pace mirroring moderating growth in Vietnam’s main export markets of the U.S., the European Union and China.

    But it warned of the outlook of heightened risks from external economic shock, including the Russia-Ukraine conflict and new Covid-19 variants, slowing recovery of domestic demand, and labor shortage due to a surge in infections.

    “Additional shocks could lead to a low case scenario where GDP grows 4 percent in 2022, recovering to 6 percent and 6.5 percent in 2023 and 2024, respectively”.

    The World Bank recommended the Vietnamese government to deploy a strong fiscal policy support, and accommodative and prudent monetary policy.

    It was also cautious about economic and human capital consequences of inequality, which was driven up by the pandemic and lockdowns between last May and September.

    Vietnam’s economy grew by 2.6 percent last year, well below its pre-pandemic trend of 7 percent.

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  • Vietnam electricity prices go up again after two years

    Vietnam electricity prices go up again after two years

    Vietnam’s power prices went up 8.36 percent Wednesday after remaining unchanged for two years. A senior official of the Ministry of Industry and Trade told that prices have gone up from VND1,720 (7.4 cents) per kWh to VND1,864 (8 cents), exclusive of VAT.

    The ministry had said earlier this month that the Prime Minister had approved an increase in power prices. Vietnam’s power consumption has been increasing by about 10 percent each year, but generation has not kept pace.

    The hike could lower Vietnam’s GDP this year by 0.22 percent and increase its consumer price index (CPI) by 0.29 percent, the ministry said. Vietnam’s CPI increased 3.54 percent in 2018. Vietnam’s electricity prices have almost doubled in the last decade, but the last time they were raised was in 2017.According to Vietnam Electricity (EVN), its overall production costs rose by VND5.48 trillion ($235.46 million) year-on-year in 2018 mainly due to exchange rate differences in electricity purchase contracts and gas price increases.

    The utility expects costs to rise by VND15.25 trillion ($655.34 million) in 2019. This is not to mention other expected increases in costs of production, as well as coal and electricity imports, EVN said. Hoang Quoc Vuong, Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade, had noted earlier that Vietnam’s electricity prices were 8.1 percent lower than that of China and India, 18 percent lower than Laos and 26.5 percent lower than Indonesia. Even with the latest increase, the prices would only be on par with China and India, he said.

    “The fact that Vietnam’s electricity prices are lower than other countries is also why foreign investors are not interested in investing in electricity projects here,” he said. Vietnam, one of Asia’s fastest-growing economies, has been struggling to develop its energy industry. World Bank country director for Vietnam Ousmane Dione said at a recent forum that Vietnam would need to raise up to $150 billion by 2030 to develop its energy sector. Dione added that electricity demand in the country is set to grow by about 8 percent a year for the next decade.

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  • ​Vietnam to remain a fast growing Asian economy

    ​Vietnam to remain a fast growing Asian economy

    With a 2019 GDP growth of 6.9 percent, Vietnam will remain one of the fastest growing economies in Asia. “We remain positive on Vietnam’s medium-term growth on strong manufacturing activity as FDI inflows to electronics manufacturing remain strong,” says economist Chidu Narayanan of Standard Chartered Bank. According to a report recently issued by the bank, the country is likely to reach GDP growth of 6.9 percent this year.

    The manufacturing sector has expanded by double digits for most of the past four years and this pace is likely to continue in 2019, says the report.

    The bank expects manufacturing growth to remain strong this year, though mildly lower than in 2018. Strong FDI inflows to manufacturing will likely support robust manufacturing output, it says.

    Standard Chartered economists also forecast FDI disbursement to stay at $15 billion this year and FDI inflows to the manufacturing sector, particularly electronics manufacturing, to remain high in the medium term.

    FDI disbursement in Vietnam reached a record $19.1 billion in 2018, a year-on-year increase of 9.1 percent,  according to the Ministry of Planning and Investment.

    “Most macro-economic indicators improved in 2018, interest and foreign exchange rates were kept stable despite the Fed’s hike in interest rates and U.S.-China tension, and non-performing loans were well-managed below three percent,” says Nirukt Sapru, CEO Vietnam and ASEAN and South Asia Cluster Markets.

    “We believe that the Vietnamese economy will remain one of the fastest growing in Asia and likely the fastest-growing ASEAN economy in 2019.”

    The World Bank forecast that Vietnam’s GDP is likely to drop to 6.6 percent in 2019 and 6.5 percent in 2020. Meanwhile, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) estimates the country’s GDP for 2019 at 6.8 percent.

    Vietnam’s GDP growth of 7.08 percent in 2018 was the highest in a decade, according to the General Statistics Office.

  • World Bank sees slower global economic growth of 2.9% this year

    World Bank sees slower global economic growth of 2.9% this year

    The growth of the global economy is expected to slow to 2.9% in 2019 compared with 3% in 2018, the World Bank said on Tuesday, citing elevated trade tensions and international trade moderation. “At the beginning of 2018 the global economy was firing on all cylinders, but it lost speed during the year and the ride could get even bumpier in the year ahead,“ World Bank CEO Kristalina Georgieva said in the semi-annual Global Economic Prospects report.

    The World Bank outlook comes as the United States and China have been engaged in a bitter trade dispute, which has jolted financial markets across the world for months. The two economies have imposed tit-for-tat duties on each other’s goods, although there have been signs of progress.

    Growth in the US is likely to slow to 2.5% this year from 2.9% in 2018, while China is expected to grow at 6.2% in the year compared with 6.5% in 2018, according to the World Bank.

    Emerging market economies are expected to grow at 4.2% this year, with advanced economies expected to grow at 2%, the World Bank said.

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  • World Bank cuts Malaysia’s 2018 GDP growth forecast again

    World Bank cuts Malaysia’s 2018 GDP growth forecast again

    The World Bank has again revised downward its projection for Malaysia’s 2018 gross domestic product (GDP) growth to 4.7% from 4.9% after taking into account factors such the rigorous rationalisation of expenditure by the government and slowdown in private and public investment. It last cut the country’s GDP growth forecast in October, to 4.9% from 5.4%.

    Malaysia’s third quarter GDP growth moderated to 4.4%, bringing about a nine-month expansion of 4.7%.

    Despite a moderation in growth, the World Bank believes that the Malaysian economy remains resilient and continues to be anchored by private consumption, although it has been cooling down after the reintroduction of the sales and service tax.

    The key drivers for private consumption are stable labour market conditions, cost of living aid and tax refunds payment.

    Private investment in the manufacturing and commodity sectors are also expected to be sustained.

    Speaking at the launch of the World Bank’s Malaysia Economic Monitor on Realising Human Potential Report, World Bank Group economist Shakira Teh Sharifuddin said Malaysia’s economic growth is projected to remain flat at 4.7% in 2019, with external factors such as current trade tensions and increased volatility in the financial and commodity markets expected to weigh on the overall economy.

    In addition to the escalating trade tensions, monetary normalisation in advanced economies, high dependency on oil revenue and high level of public debt are seen as potential risk for the government.

    The percentage of the federal government’s revenue to GDP has seen a steep decline between 2012 and 2018, falling from 21.4% to 16.2%. In 2019, the share of revenue to GDP is expected to be reduced further to 15.1%.

    This, Shakira said, leaves the government with limited space to respond to economic shocks.

    In the near term, the government is expected to rigorously embark on fiscal consolidation measures with expenditure expected to decline to 18.1% of GDP from the 2018 estimate of 20.3%.

    Shakira said that while the introduction of new taxes in the budget is welcomed, the government should relook the incentive mechanisms.

    On another note, the World Bank stressed on the need for Malaysia to accelerate the development of its human capital if it wishes to join the ranks of a high-income nation.

    While Malaysia, which ranked 55th out of 157 countries in the Human Capital Index, fared well in some areas, there is room for improvement in certain areas, noted the report.

    It also states the prevalence of stunting among Malaysian children which affect more than one in five Malaysian children, a key indicator of malnutrition. In the absence of renewed efforts to develop human capital, a child born today in Malaysia will only reach a productivity level of 62%.

    In terms of education, the 12.2 years spent by Malaysians in school only equates to the 9.1 years learning outcome of school goers in the highest performing system.

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  • World Bank raises 2018 growth forecast for Vietnam

    World Bank raises 2018 growth forecast for Vietnam

    Vietnam’s economy might expand by 6.8 percent this year, the World Bank (WB) says in a new report, revising upwards its previous forecast of 6.5 percent in April.

    It estimates GDP at 6.6 percent in 2019 and 6.5 percent in 2020.

    The bank explained its upward revision on better prospects for the expansion of agriculture and production for exports, continued inflow of foreign direct investment thanks to bright economic prospects.

    If the actual growth rate matches projection, it will be the same as last year, which was the highest in a decade.

    In the first quarter this year, the economy expanded 7.38 percent, also a 10-year record, thanks to the strong growth in agriculture, industry-construction and service sectors.

    In an interview in April, Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc had said Vietnam will maintain its current economic growth until 2020 by giving private firms more room to grow and driving positive change in rural areas.

    He said Vietnam will facilitate an economic environment conducive for private firms to thrive, noting that they account for 43 percent of the nation’s GDP.

    The Vietnamese government will help by developing new policies, distributing resources, encouraging the creation of new enterprises and giving firms more opportunities to use modern technologies, said Phuc.

    “We will try to put in place the most favorable policies and create the most favorable environment so that by 2020, we will have in operation over one million businesses, accounting for 50 percent of Vietnam’s GDP, up from 43 percent at present,” he’d said.

  • World Bank Cuts 2018 Growth Forecast for Indonesia

    World Bank Cuts 2018 Growth Forecast for Indonesia

    The World Bank has cut its growth forecast for the Indonesian economy for this year to 5.2 percent from the 5.3 percent projected in March, amid volatile global financial conditions that have forced the central bank to tighten monetary policy.

    The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) said the Indonesian economy grew 5.06 percent year-on-year in the first quarter, far lower than the 5.4 percent target in the 2018 state budget, mainly due to household consumption, which remained stagnant.

    The projection by the Washington-based lender is in line with that by the Asian Development Bank and International Monetary Fund, which predict that the country’s economy will likely expand by 5.2 percent.

    “There is elevation of volatility in the global market starting in February, which put a lot of pressure on emerging markets, including Indonesia. So the first quarter was not as strong as we had expected,” Frederico Gil Sander, World Bank lead country economist for Indonesia, said.

    The rupiah dropped to a low of 14,202 against the US dollar last month – the weakest level since 2015 – amid a massive selloff on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) as global investors moved their capital into higher-yielding assets in the United States. The 2018 state budget assumes a rupiah exchange rate of 13.400 to the dollar.

    Foreign investors, who largely hold the most liquid assets on the IDX, have sold Rp 38.5 trillion ($2.9 billion) worth of stocks between January and May, which is only Rp 2 trillion short of the total for all of last year.

    In its first since November 2014, Bank Indonesia hiked its benchmark interest rate twice in two weeks last month to support the currency and stem capital outflows.

    However, there are fears that an early rate hike may lower spending by consumers and businesses as it makes lending more expensive. Growth in private consumption, which accounts for half of Indonesia’s economy, remained stuck at 5 percent in the first quarter.

    “We think consumption has stabilized at around 5 percent, and while it is not slow, some efforts are needed by the government to accelerate consumption,” said Sander, who was previously based in India.

    However, Indonesia is benefiting from rising commodity prices, including coal, one of the country’s key exports, which rose 25.6 percent on average in the first quarter. Indonesia’s coal benchmark, or HBA, was set at a six-year high of $101.86 in March.

    Last month, oil prices also hit their highest levels since November 2014, reaching almost $78 a barrel for global benchmark Brent crude.

    The higher commodity prices saw more investment, especially in machinery, equipment and vehicles. According to the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM), Indonesia attracted Rp 185.3 trillion in investment between January and March, which was 11.8 percent higher than the same period last year. Of this, Rp 108.9 trillion was foreign direct investment, excluding banking and the oil and gas sector.

    The BKPM has set a total investment target of Rp 765 trillion for this year, which represents a 10.4 percent increase from last year. Rp 477.4 of this is foreign direct investment.

    The rise in investment increased import growth to 19.5 percent in the first quarter, compared with exports, which increased by 10.2 percent.

    Total imports reached $44 billion between January and March, with raw materials amounting to $32 billion, followed by capital goods and consumer goods, BPS data shows.

    Indonesia recorded a trade deficit for three months in a row between December and February, which swung to a surplus in March before returning to a deficit in April.

    Government consumption rose 12.9 percent in the first quarter – the fastest pace since 2016 – due to increased spending on social assistance, such as the Family Hope Program (PKH), which is aimed at reducing poverty and inequality. The cash transfer program is targeting 10 million of the country’s poorest families this year.

    According to Sander, the government’s infrastructure push, aimed at closing the gap between urban and rural areas, must continue while it should also work to improve the quality of human capital, including raising skill levels in the labor force to increase productivity.

    President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo’s administration has spent around Rp 905 trillion on infrastructure projects across the archipelago between 2015 and 2017, while the government has allocated a fifth of its budget, or Rp 1,167 trillion, to education in the same period.

    Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati last month predicted that the Indonesian economy would grow between 5.17 percent and 5.4 percent this year, while, Bank Indonesia predicted a growth rate of between 5.1 percent and 5.5 percent.

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  • World Bank approves loan for Indonesia`s logistics sector

    World Bank approves loan for Indonesia`s logistics sector

    The Executive Board of the World Bank has approved a US$400 million Development Policy Loan for the Indonesias Logistics Reform, which will be used to improve the countrys logistics system and connectivity.

    “These reforms will help Indonesia in achieving higher inclusive growth,” World Banks Country Director in Indonesia Rodrigo Chaves said in a statement received by ANTARA here on Thursday.

    Chaves explained the US$400 million loan will support Indonesia to overcome obstacles in the supply chain, such as dwelling time and trading permits.

    The inefficient dwelling time has resulted in Indonesias logistics costs accounting for 25 percent of the total costs, while Thailand is only 15 percent and Malaysia is 13 percent.

    Currently, the cost of container shipping of oranges from Shanghai, China to Jakarta is cheaper than the cost of similar items shipping from Jakarta to Padang, West Sumatra.

    Though, the distance between the two cities in Indonesia is only a sixth of the distance between Jakarta and Shanghai.

    “Logistics efficiency will improve connectivity and provide a significant impact on the competitiveness of the country. Improved logistics can reduce the cost of goods and services flows, especially in remote and underdeveloped regions in Indonesia,” Chaves said.

    The Development Policy Loan will support Indonesia over a transition period from the commodity-dependent economy to manufacturing-based economy with high competitiveness.

    World Banks Senior Economist Massimiliano Cali added that the high cost and unreliable logistics are obstacles in improving national competitiveness.

    “Managing these problems will increase production and export, thus lifting economic growth,” he said.

    The three main objectives of this funding is increasing the performance of the ports, improving the competitiveness of logistics services and strengthening trade facilitation.

    World Banks support for the logistics reform is an important part of the Partnership Framework of World Bank Group States, which is centered on the governments priority to bring significant changes.

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  • IFC to extend $21m debt to half a dozen MFIs in Myanmar

    IFC to extend $21m debt to half a dozen MFIs in Myanmar

    Increasing its financing exposure in Myanmar, the International Finance Corporation – the private lending arm of the World Bank – is extending a $21-million debt facility to four to six microfinance institutions in the frontier country.

    IFC will extend from $3 million to $6 million financing to each selected MFI as a kyat-denominated loan. The move will deepen access to finance to the bottom of the pyramid market.

    The move will also enable the microfinance industry to commercially operate in the country.

    The IFC loan is expected to enable disbursal of 112,500 to 127,500 loans to low income households in the country, improving the underserved segment’s access to finance and create jobs, according to the IFC disclosure.

    “Microfinance in Myanmar has grown up on a lot of donor funding. IFC is trying to help formalise the sector and provide sustainable local currency debt to MFIs to expand their loan portfolios,” said Julie Earne, Lead, Financial Institutions Group of IFC in Myanmar.

    IFC is working across the financial sector with banks, microfinance institutions and digital finance companies to ensure all segments of the market are served.

    IFC stated that there are about 250 microfinance institutions in Myanmar that are yet to commercially operate. The proposed loan facility will provide the scarce and much needed commercial funding to those institutions. It is also into providing advisory services to the candidates to build internal capacity.

    Some of IFC’s existing microfinance clients include Acleda, Fullerton, Proximity Designs, Pact Global Microfinance Fund (PGMF) and VisionFund Myanmar.

    “We are looking at our existing investment and advisory relationships (on microfinance), as well as other clients that we were not working with yet, to put together a diverse group of institutions,” said Earne.

    IFC is currently in the process of reviewing the MFIs for participation in the debt facility.

    Back in 2014, the IFC launched The Myanmar Microfinance Development Programme with the funding support from the Canada Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development and funding from Livelihood and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT). It expects to improve financial access for over 270,000 clients with an aggregate loan of over $70 million by 2017.

    “Our existing programme provides technical assistance focused on formalising microfinance institutions, building capacity in treasury management, human resources, risk management, product development, assisting key players in the market to mature as they look to grow and scale their operations,” said Earne.

    Building on this programme, IFC is supporting MFIs to borrow local currency Kyat funding.

    “Right now the most critical issues for microfinance in Myanmar is to help facilitate local currency financing to MFIs so that they can expand their portfolios. We need to also crowd in and enable local banks to lend to MFIs. Local banks have kyat liquidity and it is important to facilitate them to lend to MFIs,” said Earne.

    The Central Bank of Myanmar just issued a mobile financial service rules and telecom operators like Telenor are in talks with some MFIs to use their mobile financial service for microfinance lending.

    IFC is engaged in the MFI operations for Myanma Awba, an agri-based business in Myanmar, in an advisory role, giving corporate governance assessment and drafting and implementing policies and training. Myanma Awba received a finance facility of $10 million in February 2016.

    IFC has been active in debt and equity investment to Myanmar corporations. Some recent involvements include a $-million support for Myanmar Industrial Port enhancement, a $25-million financing to retail group City Mart and $40-million funding to Sembcorp and MMID Utilities Pte Ltd’s gas turbine project.

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  • 2C2P helps Myanmar revolution

    2C2P helps Myanmar revolution

    Southeast Asia payments company 2C2P of Singapore, with its Burmese founder and CEO Aung Kyaw Moe, has taken a step to modernise Myanmar’s economy with the country’s first co-branded debit card so its citizens can shop with international merchants.

    The new UnionPay and Myanmar Payments Union (MPU) co-branded debit card is being introduced along with the launch of 1-Stop, a cash acceptance network of sellers and buyers, bringing digital commerce to Myanmar, especially helpful for its rural communities. Also a partner of the debit card is Myanmar’s Asia Green Development Bank (AGD Bank).

    Anyone in Myanmar can now set up a microbusiness to sell goods and services online. Domestic transactions are processed by MPU, while international transactions go through UnionPay International, which is recognised by more than 4000 merchants domestically and more than 26 million across 150 countries, as well as at 1.8 million ATMs internationally.

    MPU is Myanmar’s national payment network, authorising the issuance and acceptance of all payment cards within the country, of which there are more than 1.2 million. With UnionPay International, a subsidiary of China UnionPay, cardholders can shop with international merchants for the first time. UnionPay is the largest global payment card company with more than five billion cards issued.

    Myanmar is expected to quadruple the size of its economy from $45 billion in 2014 to $200 billion by 2030 (McKinsey), with a reboot of its cash-based economy seen as the key to growth. This will be driven by Myanmar’s young population (47 per cent of its 51.4 million citizens are 24 years old or younger). The World Bank pegs Myanmar’s annual growth rate as leading Asia at 8.3 per cent annually between 2014 and 2017.

    Myanmar’s millennials are also responsible for the country’s spike in outbound tourism. This sector grew from $29 million in 2002 to $257 million in 2012, a rise of 24 per cent, according to the World Trade Organisation.

    “2C2P is committed to support Myanmar’s financial institutions,” says CEO and founder Aung Kyaw Moe. “We do this by bridging the gap between local and international infrastructure.

    “We bring our robust platform, as well as our experience and knowledge in international payments, making it possible for Myanmar’s banking and financial institutions to innovate – offering new services that leapfrog legacy financial technologies.”

    AGD Bank customers can download an app to manage card transactions in real time with online support. A loyalty program offers discounts and privileges from more than 4000 merchants domestically, across food and beverage, retail, hospitality, and travel and tourism.

    “We are committed to innovate, offering Myanmar’s young, fast-growing and connected population the financial services that meet their evolving needs,” says AGD Bank chairman U Than Ye.

    Meanwhile, 1-Stop’s network has more than 3000 locations through 2C2P’s strategic partnerships with the country’s largest distribution network for the agriculture sector Myanmar AWBA Group, retail and convenience store chains Capital Hyper Mart and Grab & Go, mobile stores eCity, Lu Gyi Min andMr.Fone, as well as independent stores.

    It is aiming to contribute to modernising the economy through its online-to-offline commerce approach in a market with relatively high smartphone penetration but limited e-payment infrastructure.

    Myanmar is the fourth-fastest growing mobile market globally, according to Ericsson. In the third quarter of last year, it accounted for nearly 6 per cent of the world’s 87 million new mobile subscribers. Research firm Ovum estimates mobile subscriptions in Myanmar grew by 87.4 per cent in 2014 to 10.7 million. This is forecast to grow at a 21 per cent compounded annual growth rate to reach 38.5 million by the end of 2019 as networks expand to rural areas.

    Last year, 2C2P also launched easyBills, the country’s first online bill-payment system. Previously, along with Myanmar Citizens Bank, 2C2P launched the Citizen Card, a reloadable prepaid card accepted by MasterCard and merchants globally.

    2C2P has offices across Southeast Asia, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand and The Philippines, as well as in Hong Kong.